成人学位英语|英语语法：定语从句（二）

成人学位英语|英语语法：定语从句（二） 

定语从句

4、关系代词做状语 when , where,  why.

It snowed in 1995,in 1995, I went to university_-

It snowed in 1995inwhichI went to university__  which 等同于1995

It snowed in 1995in which I went to university-------in which  做状语

It snowed in 1995whenI went to university

I remember the day , on the day, I married her

I remember the day,on whichI married her

I remember the daywhen I married her ---- when 做时间状语

When = 介词+which

Last year, I visited the village, In the village, I spent my childhood

Last year , I visited the village in which I spent my childhood

Last year, I visited the village whereI spent my childhood ---where 地点状语

Last year, I visited China.in China , there are many population.

Last year, I visited Chinawhere there are many population.

Where= 介+which

I know the reason,for the reason, the boss married her

I know the reason for which the boss married her

I know the reasonwhythe boss married her  --- why 原因状语

Why = for+which

5、非限制性定语从句:who, whose, which,  as ，不用that

I will go to see my wifewho lives in Japan.

我要去看那个住在日本的妻子。(错误)

I will go to see my wife ,who lives in Japan

我要去看我的妻子， 我的妻子住在日本。

I am a teacer , whose father is a farmer

我是个老师，我的父亲是个农民

My  father gave him a lot of money,whichmakes me angry.

我父亲给了他很多钱，这件事让我很生气。

注：Which在非限制性定语从句代表前面的整句话。

The moon，which moves around the earth is beautiful

月亮围绕着地球转，它很漂亮。

注：Which 也可以代表前面的名词

As youknow, he didn’t go to school yesterday.

正如你所知道的一样，他昨天没有去上学

He didn’t go to school yeseterday,as you know

注意：在非限制性定语从句里不能用that .

As 与 which 的区别：

①引导限制性定语从句时，在such, as, the same后只能用as，其他情况用 which。如：

　　1、I never heard such stories ashe tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事。

　　2、It’s the same story as I heard yesterday. 这故事跟我昨天听到的一样。

　　3、This is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅。

② 引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换。如：

　　I live a long way from work, as [which] you know.

我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。

③但在在以下情况引导非限制性定语从句时，两者不可换用。如：

1、 当从句位于主句前面时，只用 as。如：

As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周，这是每个人都清楚的。

the moon travels round the earth once every month，which（as）is known to everybody,

　2、 as 引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，which无此限制：

He went abroad, as [which] was expected. 他出国了，这是大家预料到的。

He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。(不用as)

3、 as 引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词，而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念，而which 则无此限制。如：

The river,which flows through London, is called the Thames.

这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。(不用as)

4、当as 引导非限制性定语从句作主语时，其谓语通常应是连系动词，而不宜是其他动词，而 which则无此限制：

She has married again, as [which] seemed natural.

她又结婚了，这似乎很正常。

She has married again, which delighted us. 她又结婚了，这使我们很高兴。

1、 定语从句有多少个连词，这些连词做什么语法成分？

2、 定语从句和名词性从句比较，连词比较。